Pleural Effusions

Pleural effusions can be exudative (>30g/L protein) or transudative (<30g/L protein). Things that commonly cause effusions of each type are:

Also light's criteria - if any of the following are true then = exudative:

• Pleural/Serum protein ratio > 0.5
• Pleural/Serum LDH ratio > 0.5
• Pleural fluid LDH > 2/3 of serum LDH level.

Acute Asthma Management

How to manage acute asthma attacks! As you panic you will scream ..... O SHIT.

Oxygen - high flow 100%
Salbutamol -Nebulised

Hydrocortisone - given IV
Ipratropium Bromide -(Anticholinergic given IV)
Theophylline - (Phosphodiesterase inhibitor given IV)

You can also add O SHIT MAN:
Magnesium Sulphate
ANaesthetist!

Thanks to Yassir for this one.