Signs of Infective Endocarditis

A series of hand gestures to remember the signs of infective endocarditis.

• Live long and prosper (Captain Janeway) - janeway lesions found in the palm and soles of foot.
• Spider upside down in OS-tralia - oslers nodes found in finger pads and toes.
• Nails - splinter haemorrhages
  

Genu Varum / Valgum

Bulbar Nerve Lesions

A lesion in the vagus nerve (CNX) causes the uvulA to deviate Away from the side of the lesion (uvula to the right, lesion on left side of brain).

A lesion in the hypoglossal (CNXII) causes the Tonge to deviate Towards the lesion (deviation to the left = lesion on the left).

SSRI's

Senor P.F.C is so sad. The only thing that makes him happy is pushing around his pram.

Sertraline
Paroxetine
Fluoxetine
Citalapram

*Sertraline is also called so as it inhibits the SERotonin Transporter protein.

Zones of Adrenal Cortex

Or... "the deeper the sweeter".

*thanks again to Nick

Raynauds Phenomenon

Russian Flag = Raynauds Phenomenon

White: pale, cold and numb
Blue: cyanotic
Red: return of blood flow (rubor)

*thanks to Nicolas for this one

CXR Heart Failure

*apologies, this wasn't posted quite in time for today!
....also this is nicked from oxford handbook.

Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Congenital Rubella syndrome is characterised by:

• Microcephally
• Cataracts
• PDA

Most risk to foetus if rubella infection is in 1st trimester

Calcium Channels

Love: L-type = generally cardiac (verapamil)

Thought: T-type = generally neuronal (ethusuxamide)

Moclobemide

Beers and ales also have a lot of tyramine and so will cause the "cheese" effect*. MOclobemide is a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and so has less effect -> you can go to Moe's and have a beer.

*cheese effect a result of IRReversible MAOI.

Acute Asthma Management

How to manage acute asthma attacks! As you panic you will scream ..... O SHIT.

Oxygen - high flow 100%
Salbutamol -Nebulised

Hydrocortisone - given IV
Ipratropium Bromide -(Anticholinergic given IV)
Theophylline - (Phosphodiesterase inhibitor given IV)

You can also add O SHIT MAN:
Magnesium Sulphate
ANaesthetist!

Thanks to Yassir for this one.

Triggers for Migraine

Chocolate

CHeese, Oral contraceptives, Caffeine (or withdrawal), alchohOL, Anxiety, Travel or Excercise.

Tricyclic Anti-depressants

*thanks to adam

Hypovolaemic Shock Classification

Transfusion Complications

Complications of red cell transfusion: 1) mild allergic: fever, ITCH, urticaria, wheeze 2) infection: HIV, bacteria 3) incompatibility: acute haemolytic 4) iron overload and fluid overload.

Vaughan Williams Classification

Examples include: Flecainide (Class I), Atenolol (Class II), Amiodorone (Class III) and Verapamil (Class IV).

Collagen arrangement in articular cartilage

Similarities with a battle field and mushroom cloud?

Transudate vs. Exudate

Transudate = low protein, low specific gravity

E(GGS)udate = high protein, high specific gravity

*thanks to Adam

Antithrombin

Courtesy of Adam:
Not sure a picture is suitable for this one!

"Anti-thrombin is a te(n)orrist" it inhibits factors:

• Ten
• 7/7
• 9/11
  

Layers of the Skin

Courtesy of Adam:
Nick CLEGG is an SOB

Remove the vowels:

• Corneum
• Lucidum
• Granulosum
• Spinosum
• Basale
  

Vitamin K Dependant Clotting

Vitamin K dependant clotting factors = the buses that travel up kensington high street. The 27 (2 + 7) the 9 and the 10.

*credit to my lovely wife for this one

Phenelzine

The antidepressant sandwhich = fennel + mayonnaise. Do not add cheese.

Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase (MAO-Mayo) inhibitor. It is an irreversible inhibitor of MAO and so the cheese effect is particularly important.

Buspirone

The bus driver in the film speed was probably quite anxious. He should have had some Buspirone.

Buspirone is a 5HT-1A agonist*. These receptors are Autoreceptors which are somatodendritic. It is used mostly in generalised anxiety disorder (GAD).

*it also has a wee bit of D2 antagonism

Sumatriptan

This sumo wrestler is called Dave. He trips over and gets a headache.

Sumatriptan is a 5HT-1D (Dave) agonist. Used to treat attack of migrane. It induces vasoconstriction on vascular smooth muscle to avoid vasodilation and therefore avoids vessels pressing on nerves (the pain part of migrane).

Odansetron

Odansetron = anti-emetic at 5HT3 receptors

Heart Valve Lesions

Generally being a "leftie" is seen as bad, so they should be expelled*! Right handed people are more creative and inspirational.
So... a lesion on the left will be loudest on expiration. And a lesion on the right loudest on inspiration.

*=apologies to lefties

Cyanotic Heart Disease

Bouchard & Herbedden Nodes

Bouchard and herbedden nodes. B comes before H in alphabet. Bouchard nodes at proximal interphalengeal joints, herbedden at distal interphalengeal joints.

Chicken Pox

The characteristics of a varicella zoster infection are the macule>papule>vesicle>scab skin lesions (the four chickens). In the infant if it is not treated VZV can cause encephalopathy, cerebellar ataxia, pneumonia, and ultimately death (since the infant is slightly immunocompromised). Later in life reactivation may result in shingles.